翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Community Educational Television ・ Community emergency response team ・ Community Empowerment Network ・ Community empowerment network ・ Community Energy Saving Programme ・ Community Energy Scotland ・ Community engagement ・ Community English Program ・ Community Environmental Center ・ Community Exchange System ・ Community Express Airlines ・ Community Facilities Program ・ Community Field ・ Community film ・ Community Financial Services Association of America ・ Community Fingerprinting ・ Community Fire Protection Program ・ Community Fire Safety Act of 2013 ・ Community Fire Unit ・ Community First Credit Union ・ Community First Fund ・ Community first responder ・ Community Food Projects ・ Community food security ・ Community Food Security Coalition ・ Community for Creative Non-Violence ・ Community for Creative Non-Violence v. Reid ・ Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations ・ Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery ・ Community for Social Justice People's Party Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Community Fingerprinting ： ウィキペディア英語版 Community Fingerprinting Community fingerprinting refers to a set of molecular biology techniques that can be used to quickly profile the diversity of a microbial community. Rather than directly identifying or counting individual cells in an environmental sample, these techniques show how many variants of a gene are present. In general, it is assumed that each different gene variant represents a different type of microbe. Community fingerprinting is used by microbiologists studying a variety of microbial systems (e.g. marine, freshwater, soil, and human microbial communities) to measure biodiversity or track changes in community structure over time. The method analyzes environmental samples by assaying genomic DNA. This approach offers an alternative to microbial culturing, which is important because most microbes cannot be cultured in the laboratory. Community fingerprinting does not result in identification of individual microbe species; instead, it presents an overall picture of a microbial community. ==How is community fingerprinting used?== A fingerprinting analysis begins with an environmental sample (e.g. seawater or soil), from which total DNA is extracted. (Total DNA contains a mix of genetic material from all the microbes present in the sample.) A particular gene or DNA region is selected as a target for analysis, under the assumption that each microbe species will have a different gene variant (also called a “phylotype”). Different methods (see below) can be used to visualize the phylotypes present in a sample. Because the aim of community fingerprinting is to gain an overall understanding of community structure, it is a particularly useful technique for analyzing time-series data collected from the field. For example, one could study the pattern of microbial succession in a habitat, or one could examine the response of a microbial community to an environmental perturbation, such as the release of a pollutant. Depending on what information is desired, different genes may be targeted. The most common are small subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, such as 16S rRNA. These genes are frequently used in microbial phylogenetic analyses, so well-established techniques exist for their study. Other genes of interest might be those that are key in various metabolic processes.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Community Fingerprinting」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.